What constitutes an inchoate offense?

An inchoate offense refers to actions that are steps taken toward committing a crime but do not result in the completion of the criminal act itself. The key characteristic of an inchoate offense is the intent to commit a crime combined with a substantial step taken towards that goal. This includes attempts to commit a crime, which demonstrates the individual's intention and planning.

Thus, when a person attempts to commit an act that is defined as an offense, they fulfill the criteria of an inchoate offense. This concept acknowledges that not all criminal behavior results in the completion of a crime, and the law can still impose penalties for those who exhibit the intent and take steps to engage in criminal conduct. This is essential for preventing and addressing potential criminal activities before they culminate in more significant harm or wrongdoing.

The other options do not align with the definition of an inchoate offense, as they either involve the actual commission of an offense, simply witnessing criminal activity, or reporting it, all of which fall outside the scope of inchoate actions.